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Extreme close-up inside the body: tan protein structures breaking apart into a stream of glowing golden urea granules carried through a deep emerald bloodstream toward the pale woven mesh of a kidney filter - the journey the BUN test measures.

What Is BUN? A Simple Guide to the Blood Urea N...

BUN - blood urea nitrogen - measures the packaged protein waste riding in your blood on its way to the kidneys. What the test is, the typical range, why this...

What Is BUN? A Simple Guide to the Blood Urea N...

BUN - blood urea nitrogen - measures the packaged protein waste riding in your blood on its way to the kidneys. What the test is, the typical range, why this...

Inside-body illustration of the hand's arteries branching from the arm: deep verdigris vessels narrow toward the fingers as their stream of golden blood cells thins to a sparse trickle, the fingertips frosting pale violet-white at the far end.

Why Are My Hands Always Cold?

Hands that stay cold in a warm house are usually a delivery story: the heart, the arteries, and the blood itself ration the far end of the line first, and...

Why Are My Hands Always Cold?

Hands that stay cold in a warm house are usually a delivery story: the heart, the arteries, and the blood itself ration the far end of the line first, and...

Inside-body illustration of a glowing heart pumping ember-red blood through branching arteries toward a hand on one side and a foot on the other, the vessels narrowing and fading to frost-pale threads at the fingertips and toes.

Why Are My Hands and Feet Always Cold?

When hands and feet run cold at the same time, the cause is rarely local: a heart pumping with less force, arteries narrowed throughout the body, blood thinned by anemia...

Why Are My Hands and Feet Always Cold?

When hands and feet run cold at the same time, the cause is rarely local: a heart pumping with less force, arteries narrowed throughout the body, blood thinned by anemia...

Three wool gloves on dark slate - white, blue-grey, and crimson - mirror the three color phases of a Raynaud's attack: fingers drained white, then blue, then flushed red as blood flow returns.

Raynaud's: Why Do My Fingers Turn White in the ...

In Raynaud's, cold or stress makes the small arteries in the fingers clamp shut - the finger turns white, then blue, then red as blood returns. Learn how the common,...

Raynaud's: Why Do My Fingers Turn White in the ...

In Raynaud's, cold or stress makes the small arteries in the fingers clamp shut - the finger turns white, then blue, then red as blood returns. Learn how the common,...

Inside-body illustration of a leg artery narrowing with plaque as it branches toward the foot, its stream of red blood cells thinning to a sparse trickle while the far vessels frost icy blue - the failed delivery behind cold, numb feet.

Why Are My Feet Always Cold and Numb?

Feet that are both cold and numb are usually telling a circulation story: a heart pumping with less force or leg arteries narrowed by disease short-change the far end of...

Why Are My Feet Always Cold and Numb?

Feet that are both cold and numb are usually telling a circulation story: a heart pumping with less force or leg arteries narrowed by disease short-change the far end of...

Inside the leg and foot, a long silver-blue nerve and a vermilion artery run down toward the toes; the nerve glows brightly near the top but its signal fades to grey before reaching the toe tips — feeling lost at the far end.

Why Do My Toes Keep Going Numb?

Toes go numb when the signals or the blood that serve them stop arriving in full — they sit at the far end of the body's longest nerves and arteries....

Why Do My Toes Keep Going Numb?

Toes go numb when the signals or the blood that serve them stop arriving in full — they sit at the far end of the body's longest nerves and arteries....

These articles are informational only and are not meant to replace the advice of your qualified healthcare provider. As with any issues related to your health, check with your doctor.

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